Ultrahigh flexoelectric effect of 3D interconnected porous polymers: modelling and verification

Non-conductive materials like rubbers, plastics, ceramics, and even semiconductors have the property of flexoelectricity, which means that they can generate electricity when bent twisted. However, an irregular shape or a peculiar load has been necessary condition to realize weight deformability specific ratios flexoelectricity solids are limited. In this work, we develop theoretical model three-dimensional interconnected porous materials. Compared solid materials, exhibit under arbitrary loading forms due their complex microstructures, flexoelectric output is much higher than solids. Then, verify by measuring response polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). The PDMS with 3D micron-scale structures exhibits two orders magnitude truncated pyramid PDMS. signal found be linearly proportional applied strain, microstructural size frequency. Finally, apply theory more practical bending sensor, demonstrate its stable functioning accurate response. Our other results highlight new potential micro-structured significant effect in fields mechanical sensing, actuating, energy harvesting, biomimetics as light-weight